3.1: What is Matter?
> Anything that has mass and occupies space.
> Plants, animals and humans are living matter
> Soil, air, water are non-living matter
> Heat, sound and light are not matter because they do not have mass and do
not occupy space
3.2: The States of Matter
>Kinetic theory of matter states that matter is made up of small discrete
particles
> Matter exists in three states; solids, liquids, gases
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3.3: The Concept of Density
> Density: mass of the substance per unit of its volume
> Unit: g cm-3
> Formula:
> Substances with higher densities will sink in the water whereas substances
with lower densities will flot above the water
> Densities of several objects:
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3.4: The Properties of Matter and Their Application in Everyday Life
*Properties of Matter
1. When gas is compressed under high pressure, its particles become closer and form a liquid.
2. Since liquid occupies less space, this method is used to store large volume of gas as liquids in cylinder.
3. The liquid in the cylinder will turn into gas again when the tap of the cylinder is turned on.
*Concept of Density
1. A raft (pieces of woods which are tied together) is less dense than water, therefore it floats on water
2. Timber is less dense than water. Timber is transported to factories using rivers
